over the hump age

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Dowager's hump is estimated to affect two out five people above the age of 55. A crash landing of a loaded C-109 inevitably resulted in an explosion and crew fatalities, earning it the nickname "C-One-Oh-Boom". [122] However, the capture in May 1944 of Myitkyina airfield by American and Chinese troops of Stilwell's command deprived the Japanese of their principal fighter airfield threatening Allied aircraft flying the Hump. The primary cause of ATC's failure was the complete inadequacy of its airfield facilities, but other major factors were unsatisfactory performance by overwhelmed aircraft maintenance personnel that grounded a hundred ATC aircraft per day, a predominance of inexperienced pilots (particularly compared to those of CNAC), and a dearth of radio and navigation aids in ATC transports. The final missions of the ICD, made after most of its attached organizations had departed, were the transporting of 47,000 U.S. personnel west over The Hump from China to Karachi for return to the United States. There are a number of things that can cause you to develop a Dowager's hump. Over the Hump is the eighth regular studio album by European-American pop group The Kelly Family.Co-produced by Hartmut Müller and Kathy Kelly and recorded at the Sound Studio N in Cologne, it was released on 26 August 1994 throughout most of Europe.The album reached number-one in Austria, Germany and Switzerland, resulting in the group's breakthrough in German-speaking Europe after years … "[170] In its first five months of operations, 20% of the C-46s assigned to the airlift crashed. Judge for yourself: [the name of] one of the peaks they flew over translated into English as "Elephant Head Gouge Mountain," because "when elephants use a game trail on its side, at one place they have to turn such a sharp corner that their tusks scrape grooves into the rock." All but 10 of its original complement of 70 P-40s had been diverted by ship to reinforce Java and had been lost at sea at the end of February. Base of the 13th Ferrying Squadron until the end of the dry monsoon. [60], After reviewing the evaluation, the Air Transport Command on 13 October offered to take over the operation. [70] In May the 22nd Ferrying Group[y] began C-46 operations from the still uncompleted base at Jorhat, which had a concrete runway. [174], Still, American and CNAC pilots often flew daily on round-trip flights, and around the clock. [40], On 17 June 1942, Haynes continued on to China to take up an assignment as bomber commander of the China Air Task Force, Tenth Air Force's eastern appendage commanded by Brig. [110] After 15 March 1945, the program intensified when Major John J. Murdock, Jr., took over the position of division flying safety officer. Although the arrangement did not result as feared by ATC in undue influence by Stratemeyer's staff on Hoag's, the ICW commander had never flown the Hump himself as a result and received all his information from written reports. Neben Straßenkonzerten gaben sie vermehrt Hallenkonzerte, darunter vier ausverkaufte Konzerte in der Alsterdorfer Sporthalle in Hamburg[1] sowie im Mai 1994 ein Konzert in der Westfalenhalle in Dortmund. [150], The mobile air transport squadrons were familiar with the Burma airfields and so were selected to fly the operation. ", 640 aircraft; 34,000 military (31 July 1945), 594 aircraft lost, missing, or written off, Capt. Edgar E. McElroy (Doolittle Raider), C-47 pilot, David Elvin Nelson (1920-), Santa Rosa, California, surviving pilot and last surviving founder of, LT COL W.E. Jorhat had stronger runways but its taxiways were still unpaved, making it unsuitable for four-engined aircraft. He appointed the operations officer at Mohanbari, former Hump pilot Major Donald C. Pricer, to establish "a thoroughgoing and efficient search and rescue organization". [43], Although three bases constructed by the British on tea plantations at Chabua,[o] Mohanbari,[p] and Sookerating[q] were declared operational in August 1942, and construction of a fourth began at Jorhat, none were expected to be ready for all-weather operations before November or December because of problems with unskilled indigenous labor and the failure of promised heavy equipment to arrive from the United States. U.S. interceptors were unable to climb to the 18,000-foot (5,500 m) altitude of the bombers in time to prevent the bombing, but only slight damage resulted. Das Album kam a… [43] Despite the use of the 1st Ferrying Group, the buildup of the airlift grew very slowly during the summer monsoon. The Hump: America's Strategy for Keeping China in World War II. Apathy became widespread and morale dropped to a "dangerous point," with the feeling among the troops that as part of the Tenth Air Force, they were "illegitimate children". IDC provided the C-46s of the mobile air transport squadrons and all of its China Wing C-47s to provide the necessary augmentation. The point of view of a veteran crewman who flew the Hump was described in a feature story for a local newspaper years after: ... Let there be no question about it! Gen. William Old, who had flown the initial mission over the Hump in 1942. [94] The major accident rate of only 0.18 aircraft lost per 1000 hours was one-third of what it had been when Tunner took command, and one-eighth of that of January 1944.[94][119]. Because the AAF had no previous airlift experience as a basis for planning, it assigned commanders who had been key figures in founding the ATC in 1941–1942 to build and direct the operation, which included former civilians with extensive executive experience operating civil air carriers.[3]. Gen. Robert Olds. Arthur Norden. 2. intoxicated on a drug (s). [81] On the last of the interceptions a formation of B-24s on a reverse Hump mission, mistaken for C-87s, claimed eight fighters shot down. Gen. Earl L. Naiden, who held that responsibility until mid-August. Its poor cockpit illumination was inadequate for bad weather flying and often failed during instrument takeoffs, its electrical and hydraulic systems frequently froze at high altitude and malfunctioned, and its flight deck heating system was prone to produce either stifling heat or none at all. Why Ageing Doesn't Mean Decline and Fall Ageing is like climbing a mountain but, despite what we’re led to believe, getting to your peak is not the best part. Porter was killed in action on 10 December 1943, when his B-25 was set on fire by Japanese Zero fighters during a search mission and crashed at the Indian border trying to return to base. They proved their continuing usefulness by playing prominent roles in various support missions within China in 1944 and 1945. The long-delayed work on existing fields resulted in intervention by Marshall in which he ordered Wheeler to have the Services of Supply complete the work by 1 July and issued a deadline of 1 September 1943 to have three additional fields ready for operations, but airfield construction problems were not overcome for several months. Das Cover zeigt die neun Mitglieder der Band Joey, Barby, Angelo, Paddy, Patricia, Kathy, John, Jimmy und Maite (v. l. n. r.) vor den Cliffs of Moher in Irland. India's highway and river systems were so undeveloped as to be unable to support the mission, leaving air as the only practicable way to supply China in anything resembling a timely fashion. [100], To reduce losses due to mechanical failure, in February 1945 Tunner introduced a maintenance program termed Production Line Maintenance. Office of Statistical Control 1945, https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/berlin-airlift, "World War 2 Flying Ace Arthur Chin's Amazing True Story", "Candidates for ATC Football Team Organize Hindu Eleven", "Gale Directory of Company Histories:Cathay Pacific Airways Limited", "Supplying War: Interservice and Interallied Cooperation in China-Burma-India", "US Army Campaigns of World War II: China Defensive Campaign, 4 July 1942-4 May 1945", United States Army Center of Military History, "Flying the Hump (A Fact Sheet for the Hump Operations During World War II)", "Army Air Forces Historical Study 12: The Tenth Air Force 1942", "Army Air Forces Statistical Digest, World War II. October 7, 2006 — 10.00am. The good news is that parents can recover from not getting over the so-called "hump of parenting" on time. "[175] Due to the isolation of the area, as well as the lower priority of the CBI theater, parts and supplies to keep planes flying were in short supply before the onset of the "Fireball", and flight crews were often sent into the Himalayan foothills to cannibalize aircraft parts from the numerous crash sites. Dinjan and Chabua were heavily bombed, with nine transports and twenty fighters destroyed or badly damaged by low-level strafing. [147] Most of the remaining C-47s were eventually sent to bases in Burma and continued India-China missions over the lower routes. Gen. Earl S. Hoag on 15 October. Happy Hump Day Quotes. ATC did not at any time have control of personnel or units responsible for loading. Thus when Davidson became 10AF commander on 19 Aug 1943 and Stratemeyer the commanding general of the newly-activated "Headquarters, United States Army Air Forces, India-Burma Sector, China-Burma-India" the next day, control of ICWATC was specifically excluded from both commands. Yeates, founder member of the Veterans Memorial Museum in Laurel, MS, This page was last edited on 6 February 2021, at 07:16. It was redesignated the 1st Transport Group on 1 December 1942 to denote that it was an ATC unit. Another 1,200 personnel had been rescued or walked back to base on their own.[2][166]. From this level the mountain wall surrounding the valley rises quickly to 10,000 feet (3,000 m) and higher. Both Sookerating and Mohanbari were due to have strong concrete runways capable of handling all aircraft, but neither was yet paved and monsoon rains made them inoperable. [21], On 23 April 1942, Colonel Caleb V. Haynes, a prospective bombardment group commander, was assigned to command the Assam-Kunming branch of the India-China Ferry, dubbed the Assam-Burma-China Ferry Command. [171] When it first arrived in theater, in addition to being accompanied by technical orders that required 50 field modifications before it could be flown operationally,[172][ba] the C-46 also required additional training for inexperienced crews, and a transition school was established that drained the airlift of ten aircraft and crews. At times, monthly aircraft losses totalled 50% of all aircraft then in service along the route. [14] Das Album zählt mit über 2,3 Millionen verkauften Einheiten in Deutschland zu einem der meistverkauften Musikalben des Landes. [5] For its efforts and sacrifices, the India–China Wing of the ATC was awarded the Presidential Unit Citation on 29 January 1944 at the personal direction of President Franklin D. Roosevelt,[6] the first such award made to a non-combat organization. By July 1945 the air corridor from India began at thirteen airfields strung out along the Northeast Indian Railways in the Brahmaputra valley,[156] with seven in Assam , four in the Bengal valley, and two near Calcutta,[157][ax] and terminated at six Chinaside airfields around Kunming. That the … [114], In July 1945, the last full month of operations, 662 aircraft of the India-China airlift delivered 71,042 tons, ICD's maximum monthly tonnage. 3. an album by the band called the Kelly Family in 2004. [75] Similarly, Eddie Rickenbacker flew the Hump in a C-87 to reach China during his fact-finding mission to the Far East and the Soviet Union,[76] and both he and Stratemeyer found ICW's performance seriously deficient. [83], 20 Japanese bombers escorted by 25 fighters bombed the Assam airfields on 13 December 1943 after several days of probing the early warning system without making an attack. RT Live #31 Over the Hump...with Ronnie the Car Guy Talking cars and car crews and other things! Bereits 1993 hatte die Kelly Family mit WOW ein Album veröffentlicht, das erstmals ausschließlich Eigenkompositionen enthielt. John was a Hump pilot, and this meant that he flew perilous supply missions from India across the mountains into China. Hardin commanded the West Coast and Central Pacific Wings of ATC. Flying over the Himalayas was extremely dangerous and made more difficult by a lack of reliable charts, an absence of radio navigation aids, and a dearth of information about the weather. [82][84], Hardin altered operations by introducing night missions and refusing to cancel scheduled flights because of adverse weather or threat of interception. Of this fleet, 332 were ICD transports, but 261 were combat aircraft from AAF units temporarily assigned to the airlift. [12] When the newly created Tenth Air Force opened its headquarters in New Delhi under the command of Maj. Gen. Lewis H. Brereton in March 1942, it was assigned the responsibility of developing an "India-China Ferry" using both U.S. and Chinese aircraft. The C-46 was a large twin-engine aircraft capable of flying faster and higher than any previous medium-range cargo aircraft, and could carry heavier loads than either the C-47 or the C-87, albeit at two and one half times the unit cost for a C-47. Flying eastward out of the valley, the pilot first topped the Patkai Range, then passed over the upper Chindwin River valley, bounded on the east by a 14,000-foot (4,300 m) ridge, the Kumon Mountains. [122] The crisis occasioned by the Japanese attack on Imphal led Admiral Louis Mountbatten, the commander-in-chief of the Allied South East Asia Command, to request 38 C-47 aircraft to reinforce Imphal. The "command" was. The field immediately became an emergency landing strip for Allied aircraft even though fighting continued in Myitkyina town until August 1944. Here are just a few of the events happening locally the next two weekends. It's embarrassing and I would hate for anyone to catch me but it feels so good I can't stop. [78][af] By the end of 1943, Hardin had 142 aircraft in operation: 93 C-46, 24 C-87, and 25 C-47.[7]. Flying over the Hump proved to be an extremely hazardous undertaking for Allied flight crews. [96] CNAC pilots, while accustomed to a variety of aircraft, also had little instrument experience, and most were unfamiliar with the large American transport aircraft used in the airlift. Smith did fly the Hump during his inspection, however, and it was he who recommended Hardin take over the wing. It had originally sailed for the Philippines before 7 Dec 41 but had been recalled, reassigned, diverted and delayed since the start of the war. [91] To illustrate the various organizational changes affecting the India-China airlift, the unit at Chabua under 10AF deployed overseas as the 1st Ferrying Group. The humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) is a species of baleen whale.It is one of the larger rorqual species, with adults ranging in length from 12–16 m (39–52 ft) and weighing around 25–30 t (28–33 short tons). "Squadron B," within the Base Unit. [145] On 30 October the 2nd MATS moved to Dergaon, East Bengal, and later to Luliang, China, where it was disbanded in June 1945 and became Squadron B, 1343rd AAF Base Unit.[146]. This idiom has several meanings: 1. over the most difficult part of something; past a midpoint of something, but not in relation to a particular age. The peaks of the Hump were waiting; the pilots called them "cumulo-granite"...[30]. [141] Relations were never entirely smoothed with Chennault, but workable compromises were eventually fashioned by Stratemeyer, Hardin and Tunner to accomplish the tasks necessary to keep 14AF in the fight. Author and ATC pilot Ernest K. Gann recalled flying into Chabua and witnessing four air crashes in one day: two C-47s, two C-87s and 32 killed. THE MAGIC WILL CONTINUE- We have lived, breathed and loved the race day magic of Over the Hump at Irvine Lake, and we continue to be passionate about serving the Orange, Riverside, Los Angeles and San Diego racers that are family, with a central location. All-weather base, headquarters of 1st Ferrying Group, with 3rd Ferrying Squadron based there. The only defense provided came from three P-40s aloft on patrol, and six others which took off and gave pursuit. In his memoirs Tunner called him "a godsend" and noted that in addition to performing, Martin was both talent scout and producer, putting together a touring troupe of amateur entertainers culled from the ranks of ICD personnel. [24], The first mission "over the hump" took place on 8 April 1942. PLM later became standard practice throughout the AAF. Originally referred to as the "India–China Ferry",[4] the successive organizations responsible for carrying out the airlift were the Assam–Burma–China Command[a] (April–July 1942) and the India-China Ferry Command (July–December 1942) of the Tenth Air Force; and the Air Transport Command's India-China Wing (December 1942 – June 1944) and India-China Division (July 1944 – November 1945). [187], From 1942–1944, 98 percent of all US lend lease to China went directly to US Army units in China, not the Chinese military. [6][7] Hardin returned to the India China Wing in February 1944, just as the first of a trickle of four-engined Douglas C-54 Skymaster transports arrived in theater (see Operations on the low hump and in China below). Finally over the hump, just in time for my birthday. Ten former Pan American World Airways DC-3s and flight crews were sent from the trans-Africa ferry route to outfit the new operation. Interesting. Texas A&M University Press, sfn error: no target: CITEREFStaff1945-11-15a (, sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFGann1961 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFAnonymous2006 (, Jay Taylor, Stilwell's The Generalissimo: Chiang Kai-shek and the Struggle for Modern China, pp. [79] Japanese pilots referred to the shooting down of vulnerable transport aircraft as tsuji-giri ("cutting down a casually met stranger") or akago no te wo hineru ("twisting a baby's arm"). [7], Success of the "Europe first" strategy of the Allies entailed keeping China in the war, tying down more than a million Japanese troops who might otherwise threaten the Allied strategic offensive in the Pacific. [2] Im Oktober 1995 erschien eine weitere Version, diesmal vertrieben von EMI. Except for those lost to Japanese interceptors, all ATC losses during flight were AAF Form 14 losses, "other than combat.". [44] As the airlift grew in size and scope in 1943, demands of tactical units and the failure of airline-conducted ATC training programs to produce sufficient multi-engined pilots limited nearly all reinforcement pilots to those just out of flight school or single-engine rated pilots from training fields who had relatively little instrument time. These groups carried more than 20,000 tons in July and 11,000 tons in August. In Deutschland konnte sich Over the Hump ab dem 19. In addition, 81 more aircraft were never accounted for, with their 345 personnel listed as missing. Rickenbacker and Tenth Air Force commanding general Clayton L. Bissell recommended return of the operation to theater command, but Stratemeyer disagreed, as did Maj. Gen. Howard C. Davidson, who was about to replace Bissell in command of 10AF and had made an inspection tour of his own in June. [2] The rapid success of Japanese military operations in Southeast Asia threatened this lifeline, prompting discussion of an air cargo service route from India as early as January 1942. 369 tons of aviation gasoline was also carried to Chihkiang for 14th AF use[118], The task facing the Tenth Air Force of creating an airlift was daunting at minimum, emphasizing all that the Army Air Forces lacked in April 1942: no units tasked for moving cargo, no experience in organized airlift by the AAF or its predecessor Air Corps, and no airfields for basing units. Throughout the monsoon rains Dinjan remained the chief transport base. [179] "Blackie's Gang" accounted for virtually every crewman recovered in 1943, including CBS News correspondent Eric Sevareid and 19 others forced to parachute on 2 August. 6 (APO 629 New York) on 1 December 1943 when for flexibility ATC no longer fielded groups or squadrons as units. From April 1944 to January 1945, the India-China Division was also tasked with supporting Operation Matterhorn, the B-29 Superfortress strategic bombing campaign against Japan from forward bases around Chengtu in central China. The operation was planned as "Operation Glow Worm", but changed when Tenth Air Force Col. S.D. [166][168] Performance of the Commando was enhanced when camouflage paint, standard on all AAF aircraft until February 1944, was removed to reduce weight and provide five extra knots of speed. All combat equipment was removed and eight flexible bag fuel tanks were installed inside the fuselage with a 2,900 U.S. gallon capacity. It is really easy to find the hostel. [7] This came about as Marshall and Arnold sent Maj. Gen. George E. Stratemeyer, the Chief of Air Staff, on a special mission to India to observe ICWATC operations and report back with recommendations. Gen. William H. Tunner, Col. Andrew B. Cannon was assigned to command the Assam Wing when it was activated the next month. [95] On 1 July, ATC reorganized its nine wings worldwide into air divisions, and sectors into wings. [33] Aircraft continued to arrive in small increments through October with flight crews consisting of airline pilots holding Air Corps Reserve commissions who had been called up for active duty specifically for the India-China assignment, and navigators, engineers and radiomen from the AAF technical training schools. [134], Of 42,000 tons of materiel delivered before XX BC abandoned its China bases and returned to India, the ICD moved almost two-thirds. All rights reserved. The hump is a deposit of fat. While the region and the operation were universally known as "the hump", crews flying the airlift also called the mountainous barrier the "Rockpile". But when Peg’s mom, Helen, received this telegram on February 16, 1945, his future was very much in doubt. These lows and highs were extreme, producing violent winds...and when those winds hit the immovable mass that was the world's tallest mountain range, they shot upward at startling speeds until they cooled and then rushed downward in terrifying drafts that hurled airplanes...earthward at stupefying rates of descent...Turbulence inside the cloud mass was severe; pilots reported being flipped upside down by gusts, while many others were unable to report anything because they went missing. And our cognitive abilities today exceed those of our ancestors. Things will be easy from … [52], The long-anticipated air attack by the Japanese took place late in the afternoon of 25 October. I understand that, in eras gone by, ageing was associated with decomposition. He reinforced his position by insisting that CNAC lease its C-53s and crews participating in the airlift to the AAF to assure that they would carry only essential cargo and not commercial activity. Save. [186] Tunner, writing in Over the Hump, described the significance of the India-China Airlift: Once the airlift got underway, every drop of fuel, every weapon, and every round of ammunition, and 100 percent of such diverse supplies as carbon paper and C rations, every such item used by American forces in China was flown in by airlift. While Chennault complied, he did not believe that the Japanese strikes originated there and the rift between him and Tenth Air Force grew wider. ICD was in charge of 60 AAF base units at some point between December 1943 and December 1945. He then crossed a series of 14,000–16,000-foot (4,300–4,900m) ridges separated by the valleys of the West Irrawaddy, East Irrawaddy, Salween, and Mekong Rivers. It’s not. 2021 SEASON OPENER: [50][s] The India Air Task Force, the western combat force of the Tenth Air Force, was activated 3 October with nine squadrons, none of which was fully operational. The air route wound its way into the high mountains and deep gorges between north Burma and west China, where violent turbulence, 125 to 200 mph (320 km/h) winds,[25][106] icing, and inclement weather conditions were a regular occurrence. Co-produced by Hartmut Müller and Kathy Kelly and recorded at the Sound Studio N in Cologne, it was released on 26 August 1994 throughout most of Europe. There are about 123,000 people over the age of 65 on Delaware’s wait list for seniors to get the vaccine. – Manoj Arora, 'From The Rat Race To Financial Freedom'. En route to Kunming, Arnold stopped at New Delhi to confer with Stilwell.